为解决地下矿扇形中深孔装药设计过程中人机交互设计存在的主观性大、炮孔装药能量无法均匀分布和装药效果难以定量评估等问题，提出了一种地下矿扇形中深孔装药设计数学模型。总体思路为：结合爆破边界空间约束和爆破参数要求，运用参数化装药设计思想构建地下矿扇形中深孔装药设计数学模型，采用运筹学方法解算数学模型得到最优化装药设计。研究成果在数字采矿软件平台中开发实现，并将构建的装药优化模型用于某地下矿扇形中深孔装药设计。试验结果表明，相似地质条件和装药条件下，2次爆破试验中，采用参数化装药设计现场出矿大块率明显低于人机交互式装药设计，装药设计时间极大地缩短，从4 h减少至5 min。地下矿扇形中深孔装药设计优化方法极大地减少了设计技术人员工作量，最大程度地保障了炮孔间装药能量分布均匀性，有效提高了爆破质量。

In the context of underground mining in metal mines，perforated blasting constitutes a critical component of the operational process.Currently，the design of fan-shaped medium-deep hole blasting charges involves considerable repetitive tasks.Manual interactive adjustments merely satisfy the fundamental design requirements，resulting in significant subjective variability.Both domestic and international scholars have conducted extensive research on the design methodologies for medium-deep hole charges in underground mining.Regarding the application of the empirical rule formula，experts have undertaken comprehensive research on the ring blasting load spacing in underground stopes，optimizing drilling and blasting parameters to furnish a scientific foundation for blasting operations in subterranean mines.In the context of CAD auxiliary tools，certain scholars have employed Visual Lisp and other programming tools to enhance CAD’s secondary development capabilities，thereby enabling the automated design of sector medium-deep hole charges.In the domain of numerical simulation，the parameters are established through an integration of blasting tests and LS-DYNA numerical simulation analysis，leading to the effective optimization of design parameters for fan-shaped medium-deep hole blasting.Regarding intelligent algorithm research，enhanced extreme learning machine （ELM），backpropagation（BP） neural networks，and other algorithms are employed to construct a blasting design model，facilitating the intelligent determination of blasting parameters and optimization of charge. Nonetheless，these methodologies are relatively simplistic and donot incorporate the principles of systems engineering.Therefore，this paper investigated the integration of system engineering optimization methods with the application of blasting design engineering，specifically focusing on the parametric design methodology for medium-deep hole charges in the context of underground mining.The overarching approach is as follows：By considering the spatial constraints of the blasting boundary and the requisite blasting parameters，a mathematical model was formulated based on the principles of parametric charge design.This model was subsequently solved using operations research techniques to derive the optimal charge design.The research findings were developed and implemented using a digital mining software platform.The formulated charging optimization model was applied to the charging design of medium-deep boreholes in an underground mining context.The results indicate that the proportion of ore fragments in the field，when utilizing the parameterized charging design，is significantly lower compared to the man-machine interactive charging design under analogous geological and charging conditions.The proposed method for optimizing the charging design of fan-shaped medium-deep holes in underground mines significantly reduces the workload of design technicians and maximizes the uniformity of energy distribution among the holes. This approach effectively enhances the quality of blasting operations.

中国矿业报）

http://www.goldsci.ac.cn/article/2024/1005-2518/1005-2518-2024-32-6-1107.shtml