收稿日期: 2021-11-30
修回日期: 2022-01-20
网络出版日期: 2022-12-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目“江南造山带万古金矿床成矿流体活动的精细研究”(42002090);“江南古陆金（多金属）大规模成矿的机理研究”(41930428)
Trace Element Characteristics of Different Chronology Pyrite in Wangu Gold Deposit，Northeast Hunan and Its Implication to Gold Mineralization Mechanism
Received date: 2021-11-30
Revised date: 2022-01-20
Online published: 2022-12-10
万古金矿是江南造山带中金（多金属）成矿带的代表性矿床，目前对该矿床硫化物中的元素特征和金的富集机制研究相对较少。为了进一步探讨万古金矿中硫化物的微量元素特征，依据黄铁矿晶型及其他共生矿物特征，将其中的黄铁矿划分为3期（Py1、Py2和Py3），并对3期黄铁矿分别进行LA-ICP-MS分析。研究表明：Py1平行于地层层理，为不含金的原生黄铁矿；Py2与菱铁矿共生，是富CO2流体与围岩发生水岩反应所致，且对Py1具有继承性；Py3与烟灰色石英和毒砂共生，金含量较高。Py2表面孔隙发育，表明该期黄铁矿通过溶解—沉淀形成Py3。富金的Py3存在Au-As耦合现象，Au浓度明显低于金饱和曲线，推测Au以Au1+的形式赋于黄铁矿的晶格中。结合以往研究，推断硫化作用是万古金矿主要的金沉淀机制，富含Py2与菱铁矿的围岩是金沉淀理想的化学圈闭。
万泰安 , 许德如 , 马文 , 张胜伟 , 王国建 , 卞玉冰 , 李博 . 湘东北万古金矿床不同期次黄铁矿微量元素特征及其对金成矿机制的启示[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2022 , 30(5) : 676 -690 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.05.188
The Wangu gold deposit is one of the most important parts of the gold （polymetallic） metallogenic belt in the Jiangnan orogenic belt，in which the mineral element composition characteristics of sulfide has relatively few research on the enrichment mechanism of Au.For further exploration of the element composition characteristics of sulfide in Wangu gold deposit，85 representative samples were selected and made into thin sections.The ore mineral pyrite and arsenipyrite in the deposit was taken as the research object，and the basic characteristics of mineral assemblage and mineral structure were observed under the microscope.According to the characteristics of pyrite crystal form and other symbiotic minerals，the pyrite in Wangu gold mine is divided into three stages：Py1，Py2 and Py3.Laser ablation plasma mass spectrometry （LA-ICP-MS） and mapping was used to analyze the trace element composition in these three stages.There are obvious differences in Au con-centrations in Py1，Py2 and Py3 of pyrite in Wangu gold deposit.Au elements mainly exists in Py3 in the metallogenic stage，while Au concentration in Py2 is low.At the same time，As elements in Py3 also appear in the position corresponding to the enrichment of Au elements.There is a coupling relationship between Au and As in pyrite of Wangu gold deposit.Therefore，speculation is made that Au mainly migrates in the form of Au-HS in the fluid and is mainly assigned to the lattice of pyrite in the form of Au1+.In this process，As is likely to replace S with As1- and form Fe（As，S）2 solid solution between pyrite and arsenopyrite，which is arsenic containing pyrite.Combined with the previous study，the result is that Py1 does not contain gold and is primary pyrite，and Py2 exists symbiotically with siderite.It is considered that siderite was formed before mineralization and was caused by water-rock reaction between Caledonian CO2 rich fluid and surrounding rock.Therefore，Py2 has a certain inheritance to Py1.As the main gold mineralizeation stage of Caledonian period，Py3 exists with smoky gray quartz and arsenipyrite，and has a high percentage of sulfide in gold.The growth of pores on the surface of Py2 is the typical dissolution reprecipitation feature，indicating that pyrite in this period was dissolved by later fluid and reprecipitation into Py3.In this process，the Yanshanian gold bearing fluid reacts with early Py2，which destroys the stability of Au-HS complex in the fluid and forms gold bearing Py3 through pyrite dissolution and reprecipitation.Combined with previous studies，it is considered that sulfidation is the main gold precipitation mechanism of Wangu gold deposit，and early Py2 and siderite can also provide ideal chemical traps for gold precipitation.
Key words： pyrite; Jiangnan orogenic belt; Wangu gold deposit; Au-As coupling; LA-ICP-MS; Mapping
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