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何建元(1979-),男,甘肃武威人,工程师,从事充填采矿技术研究和生产管理工作。2486794994@qq.com |
收稿日期: 2020-10-23
修回日期: 2021-05-22
网络出版日期: 2021-10-08
基金资助
国家重点研发计划重点专项“深部金属矿高效协同膏体充填技术”(2017YFC06022903)
Experimental Research on Application of Mixed Aggregate of Mining Waste Rock and Tailings in Downward Layered Approach and Cemented Filling Mining Method HE Jianyuan1,LI Hongye1,GAO Qian2,YIN Shenghua2
为了降低金川矿山充填采矿成本,针对下向分层进路胶结充填采矿法,开展了废石—尾砂混合骨料现场工业充填试验。对废石和尾砂进行了粒度分析与级配研究,选取合适的废石—尾砂配比混合骨料开展现场工业充填试验研究。结果表明:-16 mm废石粗骨料和选矿尾砂细骨料的配比在5∶5~7∶3范围内,此时混合骨料的堆积密实度达到或接近于最大;对于废石与尾砂配比为6∶4和5∶5的混合骨料,当水泥添加量为260 kg/m3时,2种配比的混合骨料的胶结充填体强度均满足金川矿山充填法采矿的胶结体强度要求;采用一段搅拌时废石—尾砂混合骨料充填料浆搅拌不均匀,水泥和尾砂存在结团现象,导致胶结充填体均质性较差,整体稳定性较低,因此,废石—尾砂混合骨料的充填料浆需要采取二段活化搅拌来提高胶结充填体整体质量;对混合骨料充填料浆配比的精确控制,是影响胶结充填体强度和整体稳定性的重要因素。
何建元 , 李宏业 , 高谦 , 尹升华 . 采矿废石—尾砂混合骨料在下向分层进路胶结充填采矿中应用的试验研究[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2021 , 29(4) : 564 -572 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.04.188
The downward layered approach cemented filling mining method was selected in Jinchuan nickel deposit,but there is a problem of high filling cost and low production capacity.In order to reduce the cost of filling mining,the industrial filling test of waste rock and tailing mixed aggregate was carried out based on a large number of laboratory studies.Firstly,the particle size analysis and grading study of the -16 mm waste rock coarse aggregate and dressing tailings fine aggregate were carried out.The results show that the diameters of the two kinds of aggregate belong to filling aggregate with discontinuous distribution and poor gradation.According to the different ratios of the two kinds of aggregate,the compactness test of the mixed aggregate was carried out,and the relationship curve between the ratio of waste rock tailings of the mixed aggregate and the compactness was established,so as to determine the optimal ratio of the mixed aggregate when the compactness reached the maximum.The research results show that when the ratio of -16 mm waste rock and dressing tailings is within the range of 7∶3 to 5∶5,the density of mixed aggregate accumulation reaches or approaches the maximum,and the corresponding ratio of mixed aggregate particle size is continuously graded.Then,the industrial filling test was carried out for the mixed aggregate with the ratio of waste rock and tailing of 6∶4 and 5∶5,thus obtaining the strength of the cemented backfill with the mixed aggregate of the two ratios.The test results show that when the cement content is 260 kg/m3,the strength of cemented backfill of the two kinds of mixed aggregate meets the strength requirements of cemented backfill in the downward layered approach and cemented filling mining method in Jinchuan mine,and the strength of the mixed aggregate cementing backfill in the ratio of 6∶4 is higher than that of the mixed aggregate cementing backfill in the ratio of 5∶5.According to the observation on the fracture surface of the cementing backfill test block,when a single stage of mixing is used,there are uneven mixing of the mixed aggregate filler slurry and agglomeration of cement and tailings,resulting in poor homogeneity of the cemented filler and low overall stability.So for the waste rock-tailing mixed aggregate filling slurry,it is recommended to use two-stage activated stirring,which can not only improve the overall quality of the filling body,but also improve the fluidity of the filling slurry,which is conducive to the pipeline self-flow transportation of the filling slurry.It is also found in the industrial filling test that the precise ratio of slurry of mixed aggrgate is another important factor affecting the quality of cemented backfill and slurry pipe transport characteristics.Therefore,improving the ratio of waste tailing aggregate and adding amount of cement and water is an important factor to realize the safe and reliable application of waste tailing mixed aggregate in filling mining.
山东黄金集团连续两年登榜全球产金企业前十强
2021年8月3日,在中国黄金协会、世界黄金协会、英国金属聚焦公司共同举办的《全球黄金年鉴2021》(中文版)和《全球白银年鉴2021》(中文版)首发式上,正式公布了全球产金企业前20排名数据(数据截至2020年底),山东黄金集团以44.73 t的黄金产量连续第2年稳居全球产金企业第10位。
集团始终坚持贯彻新理念、融入新格局,专注黄金主业、优化有色业务、赋能产业链金融,立足国内、放眼全球,以改革创新为根本动力,突出加强战略导向,聚力改革攻坚,全力打造核心竞争优势,不断开创高质量发展的新篇章。自2017年起,集团连续4年稳居中国第一产金企业;2019年集团以47.94 t黄金产量首次进入全球产金企业前十强,改写了全球黄金公司前十强没有中国企业的历史。
据介绍,《全球黄金年鉴2021》(中文版)透过详实的数据,深入剖析了2020年疫情下的全球黄金全产业链发展。为应对疫情危机,各国纷纷推出大规模货币宽松政策,推动全年黄金均价上涨27%,至1 770美元/盎司,创历史新高;官方部门的黄金净买入量下降57%,创十年来新低。疫情蔓延导致大量矿山生产中断,2020年全球矿产黄金产量3 478 t,同比减少119 t。全球黄金矿企的平均总维持成本同比上升4%,至986美元/盎司。当前,新冠肺炎疫情虽尚未结束,但矿山生产中断的情况大为缓解,预计2021年全球矿产黄金产量将同比上升6%,首饰制造业的黄金需求量将回升37%。
另外,根据《中国黄金年鉴2021》数据,截至2020年底,全国黄金资源量为14 727.16 t,已实现连续15年增长,并连续五年突破万吨大关。2020年,我国黄金产量为365.345 t(不含进口原料产金),与去年同期相比减少14.88 t,同比下降3.91%,但仍继续稳居全球首位,自2007年以来已连续14年位居全球第一。
http://www.goldsci.ac.cn/article/2021/1005-2518/1005-2518-2021-29-4-564.shtml
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