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采选技术与矿山管理

单轴压缩试验中减弱端部效应新型方法研究

  • 贾敬锎 , 1, 2 ,
  • 黄滚 , 1, 2 ,
  • 汪龙 1, 2 ,
  • 成墙 1, 2 ,
  • 甄利兵 1, 2
展开
  • 1. 重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆 400044
  • 2. 重庆大学资源与安全学院,重庆 400044
黄滚(1972-),男,重庆人,教授,博士生导师,从事岩石力学与工程方面的教学与研究工作。

贾敬锎(1996-),男,河北石家庄人,硕士研究生,从事岩石力学与工程方面的研究工作。

收稿日期: 2020-12-23

  修回日期: 2021-03-04

  网络出版日期: 2021-07-14

Study on a New Method of Weakening End Effect in Uniaxial Compression Test

  • Jingkai JIA , 1, 2 ,
  • Gun HUANG , 1, 2 ,
  • Long WANG 1, 2 ,
  • Qiang CHENG 1, 2 ,
  • Libing ZHEN 1, 2
Expand
  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China
  • 2. School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China

Received date: 2020-12-23

  Revised date: 2021-03-04

  Online published: 2021-07-14

本文亮点

为了减弱端部效应对单轴抗压强度测量的影响,提出一种新型的单轴压缩试验方法。该方法采用与试件材质相同的岩石作为垫块进行单轴压缩试验,设置了(25+50+25)mm和(20+60+20)mm 2种试件高度组合进行试验,并与高度为50 mm、60 mm的单一试件的试验结果进行对比。结果表明:该新型试验方法可以降低单轴压缩试验中端部效应对测量岩石单轴抗压强度的影响,并得到更为均匀的径向应变;(25+50+25)mm和(20+60+20)mm组合试件相比高度为50 mm和60 mm的单一试件,单轴抗压强度分别降低了38.41%和39.69%,相比标准试件,单轴抗压强度也有所降低。数值模拟结果表明:无论有无端部摩擦,组合试件的单轴抗压强度均与理想状态下模拟所得的岩石试件的单轴抗压强度值接近;无端部摩擦时单个试件与组合试件具有均匀的径向应变;有端部摩擦时组合试件的径向应变较为均匀。数值模拟结果证明了该新型试验方法减弱了端部效应,但并未完全消除。

本文引用格式

贾敬锎 , 黄滚 , 汪龙 , 成墙 , 甄利兵 . 单轴压缩试验中减弱端部效应新型方法研究[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2021 , 29(3) : 382 -391 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.03.003

Highlights

As a difficult point in rock mechanics,end effect has been widely concerned by scholars.The phenomenon of end effect is caused by the friction between the indenter of testing machine and rock specimen in the process of compression,which usually causes the measured compressive strength of rock increased.However,the more intuitive performance of end effect is that the radial strain of rock is larger in the middle and smaller at both ends.According to Saint-Venant’s principle,when the height diameter ratio is greater than 2.0,the influence of the end effect can be ignored,but only the influence of the end effect on the measured uniaxial compressive strength can be ignored,which doesn’t form uniform stress in the specimen.Therefore,the method of weakening the end effect should be further studied.By summarizing the research of domestic and foreign scholars,it is found that there are two main methods to reduce the end effect,they are reducing the end friction and controlling the end deformation.The first method is to add friction reducing agent between the indenter of the testing machine and the end of the rock specimen,but it can’t completely eliminate the end effect.The second method is to use the metal specimen with the same mechanical parameters as the rock specimen as the cushion block,but it is too difficult to find this kind of metal material.Based on the second idea,to reduce the influence of end effect in the measurement of uniaxial compressive strength,a new uniaxial compression test method was proposed.In this method,uniaxial compression test was carried out using the rocks with the same material as the specimen as the cushion block.Two combination forms of (25+50+25)mm and (20+60+20)mm are set for the experiment,and the experimental results are compared with those specimens with the height of 50 mm and 60 mm.The results show that the new experimental method can reduce the influence of end effect on the measurement of uniaxial compressive strength of rock and obtain more uniform radial strain.Compared with the specimens with the height of 50 mm and 60 mm,the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens with the height of (25+50+25)mm and (20+60+20)mm is reduced by 38.41% and 39.69% respectively,ad-ditionally,the strength is also decreased comparing with the standard specimen.Numerical simulation results show that the uniaxial compressive strength of the combined specimen with or without end friction is close to the uniaxial compressive strength of the standard specimen in ideal state.All of the specimens have uniform radial strain without end friction.The radial strain of the combined specimen is relatively uniform when there is end effect.Numerical simulation results prove that the new experimental method reduces the end effect,but it can’t completely eliminate the end effect.

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英国正在寻求确保国内稀土等关键矿产资源供应的途径

据JOGMC金属资源情报网站新闻,来自澳大利亚、加拿大、马拉维和坦桑尼亚的代表们建议,除了锂等战略性矿产,还要关注稀土的供应问题。2021年5月2~5日,英国国际贸易部(Department for International Trade,简称DIT)和英国外交联邦委员会(Foreign,Commonwealth Office,简称FCO)组织官员商讨确保稀土资源充足供应的问题。

由于担心地缘政治紧张局势可能威胁到未来的供应,英国发起了代号为“项目捍卫计划”的行动。此次会谈就是英国政府为摆脱对中国的依赖而进行的努力的一部分。脱欧使英国政府在贸易协定方面更加灵活;作为自由贸易协定的一部分,未来英国可能与澳大利亚签订有关重要金属的贸易协定。预计该主题还将在6月于英国康沃尔举行的七国集团(G7)会议上被提上议事日程。英国国民担心英国在确保这些重要金属的竞争中落后。美国和欧盟已经制定了一项合作战略,这可能会威胁英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊(Boris Johnson)的绿色产业战略。

此外,英国政府正在寻求实施稀土等资源的国家储备。据了解,英国商业能源和工业战略部(De-partment for Business,Energy and Industrial Strategy,简称BEIS)的官员们正在探讨保护关键材料(如锂和钴)的方法。据英国官员称,英国正在建立国家储备以避免面临未来资源短缺问题,并支持开发国内资源的尝试,如康沃尔(Cornwall)锂矿,或者利用与私营公司的战略合作从境外获得资源。

脚注

http://www.goldsci.ac.cn/article/2021/1005-2518/1005-2518-2021-29-3-382.shtml

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