以“三下”开采矿山的工艺技术与灾害防控措施优化为目的，通过数值模拟的方法对三山岛金矿“三下”开采案例进行剖析，采用调查、模拟和监测等方法分析了“三下”矿山矿床的开采技术条件，结合充填法开采的相关参数分析“三下”开采对地表的影响。针对护顶矿柱与开采顺序进行分析，通过对比不同开采顺序方案的效果选取最优顺序方案。结果表明：房柱交替开采方法按隔二采一的开采方案进行开采对于矿山更为安全有效，房柱交替上升式充填采矿法使得矿石损失率由13%降为4%。结合分析结果，针对断层和地表水体等因素制定了严密的开采方案与防控措施，并对矿区地表进行沉降岩移监测，确保“三下”开采的安全和高效。

Sanshandao gold mine，belonging to Shandong gold mining （Laizhou） Co.，Ltd.，is located at Laizhou Bay of the northwest of Jiaodong Peninsula，Shandong Province.The surface of gold mine is covered by river，sea，roads and village，so Sanshandao gold mine is a typical three-underground mine.The purpose of this paper is to optimize the technology and control measures of the “three-underground” mining mine.Through analysis of “three-under” mining case of Sanshandao gold mine， the mining technical conditions was analyzed through investigation， simulation and monitoring methods， and the impact of “three under” mining on the surface was analyzed combined with the relevant parameters of the filling method.The main research objects are protected top pillar and mining sequence.The method of room and pillar alternately raised mining with backfill could reduce rate of ore loss.The rate of ore loss was reduced from 13% to 4%，which demonstrated the suitability of the method.Mining sequence is another object that influence mining safety and stability.Four mining plans were conducted by simulation models：Mining sequence of plan-1 was mining from one side to another；Mining sequence of plan-2 was mining from center to sides；Mining sequence of plan-3 was mining one every the other two panels；Mining sequence of plan-4 was mining from sides to center.Finally，the optimized mining sequence is plan-3.Fault was the major factor in mining safety，and F₃ fault in Sanshandao gold mine have leaded to several water inrush accidents，so roadway engineering should keep away from F₃ fault.But some roadways have to go through the F₃ fault in reality.The first measure was reinforced the fracture zones by advance grouting.And put some pipes into the fracture zones in order to improve the engineering geological condition.For surface water body，the patrol system and emergency plan were set for prevent intrusion.In Sanshandao gold mine，345 GPS monitoring points were set to monitor surface deformation.The cover range of monitoring was 8.5 km².The mining engineering influence was minimized to surface subsidence which showed the technology and measures were effective.In underground mining，IMS micro-seismic monitoring system was set in Sanshandao gold mine in 2012.A set of system of working in real time，dynamically，automatically was built for ground pressure monitoring.This system provided support for mining engineering safety and efficient.The mining engineering was also implemented based on principle of production-learning-research combination.Appropriate mining technical scheme and controlling measures are the guarantee of mining stability and sustainability.

http://www.goldsci.ac.cn/article/2020/1005-2518/1005-2518-2020-28-5-734.shtml