[an error occurred while processing this directive] [an error occurred while processing this directive]
[an error occurred while processing this directive]|
|
|
叶树峰(1966-),男,江西上饶人,研究员,从事黄金资源综合利用研究工作。sfye@ipe.ac.cn |
收稿日期: 2018-05-30
修回日期: 2018-12-26
网络出版日期: 2019-04-30
基金资助
中国科学院重点部署项目“若干重要特色资源清洁转化与循环利用研究”(编号:ZDRW-ZS-2018-1-2)
Advances in Non-cyanide Process for Gold Smelting
Received date: 2018-05-30
Revised date: 2018-12-26
Online published: 2019-04-30
随着难处理金矿的占比不断增加以及人们对环保问题的日益重视,氰化法受到了技术和环保两方面的制约,非氰方法成为金、银提取的必然趋势。非氰方法包括湿法工艺和火法工艺两大类。系统介绍了湿法非氰方法中卤素法、硫脲法、硫代硫酸盐法、硫氰酸盐法和环保提金剂的原理及发展状况;火法非氰方法主要介绍了具代表性的高温氯化焙烧工艺和造锍捕金工艺,其适用对象分别为铁含量高的含金物料和含砷、硫、碳等难处理金精矿。通过综合分析得出贵金属提取的重要趋势是火法—湿法工艺结合,即先通过火法充分富集贵金属,再利用湿法工艺高效回收。
肖力 , 王永良 , 钱鹏 , 丁剑 , 叶树峰 . 非氰提金技术研究进展[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2019 , 27(2) : 292 -301 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.02.292
With the increasing of proportion of refractory gold ore and public’s attention to environmental issues,the cyanide process has been severely constrained by both technology and environmental protection.The use of non-cyanide process for the extraction of gold and silver is an inevitable trend.Over the past decades,there were series of approaches developed for the gold extraction from ore by using non-cyanide process.Compared to cyanidation,these approaches seemed more environmentally friendly.However,the non-cyanide processes are often restricted by their high reagent consumption and relatively low gold extraction rate.To fully understand the development of non-cyanide processes,this paper presented an extensive overview of non-cyanide processes.By a summary of the numerous literatures concerned about non-cyanide process and results of the experiments conducted by the author's research group,this paper reviews two kinds of non-cyanide processes,pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy.It then reviews the mechanism and development of some typical non-cyanide hydrometallurgy processes,including halogen,thiocyanate,thiourea,thiosulphate and the so-called environmental friendly lixiviant.Characterization of the environmental friendly lixiviant showed the presence of sodium cyanide and sodium cyanate,indicating that the in situ generation of sodium cyanide with the lixiviant probably occurred in leaching process.The non-cyanide pyrometallurgy process includes high-temperature chlorination and matte smelting enriching gold,which were applied to the treatment of high iron containing gold bearing materials and refractory gold ore containing arsenic,sulfur,carbon,respectively.High-temperature chlorination is a promising method especially for the treatment of pyrite cinder whose gold is commonly wrapped by the iron oxide and silicate.In recent years,great progress have been made for the settlement of the problems in this process,including pulverization,scaffolding,the corrosion and adhesion of refractory.In China,some gold smelter has successfully adopted this process for gold extraction from pyrite cinder.The meaningful non-cyanide lixiviant should possess three characteristics:Firstly,it should be able to form stable complex ion with gold ions;It should show good coordination selectivity for gold ions,which can greatly decrease the toxicity of the lixiviant;Thirdly,it should cooperate with some oxide.The authors also think that the combination of hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy process for the recovery of precious metal is an important tendency in gold industry,that is,the precious metal will firstly be enriched by pyrometallurgy,following the hydrometallurgy process to efficiently recover precious metal.
| 1 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 3 |
|
| 4 |
吕翠翠,丁剑,付国燕,等 .氰化尾渣中有价元素回收现状与展望[J].化工学报,2016,67(4):1079-1089.
|
| 5 |
邢相栋,兰新哲,宋永辉,等 .氰化法提金工艺中“三废”处理技术[J].黄金,2008,29(12):55-61.
|
| 6 |
|
| 7 |
|
| 8 |
丛自范 .氯化法处理氰化金泥[J].有色矿冶,2007,23(1):25-27.
|
| 9 |
|
| 10 |
|
| 11 |
|
| 12 |
夏木西·卡玛尔,阿不里·米提,王菊芳,等 .催化氯化法浸金研究[J].黄金,1997,18(9):37-39.
|
| 13 |
石嵩高,李世祯 .ZLT氯化法浸出金、银新工艺[J].黄金,2010,31,(2):37-40.
|
| 14 |
金创石,张延安,牟望重,等 .液氯化法浸金过程热力学[J].稀有金属,2012,36(1):130-134.
|
| 15 |
|
| 16 |
|
| 17 |
|
| 18 |
|
| 19 |
|
| 20 |
|
| 21 |
|
| 22 |
Leaching,Recovery and Economics,
|
| 23 |
|
| 24 |
|
| 25 |
|
| 26 |
|
| 27 |
|
| 28 |
|
| 29 |
|
| 30 |
|
| 31 |
|
| 32 |
|
| 33 |
|
| 34 |
|
| 35 |
|
| 36 |
|
| 37 |
|
| 38 |
|
| 39 |
|
| 40 |
|
| 41 |
|
| 42 |
|
| 43 |
|
| 44 |
|
| 45 |
|
| 46 |
|
| 47 |
|
| 48 |
|
| 49 |
肖力,吕翠翠,王永良,等 .硫代硫酸钠—铁氰化钾体系提取含金物料中金银的研究[J].黄金科学技术,2016,24(5):115-120.
|
| 50 |
|
| 51 |
朱昌河,明平田,方宏树,等 .青海某金矿浮选尾矿环保提金试验研究及实践[J].矿产综合利用,2016(4):86-89.
|
| 52 |
张景河 .环保提金剂浸出新疆某氧化型含砷金矿[J].资源节约与环保,2018(8):70-71.
|
| 53 |
宾凌勇 .环保提金工艺探索试验[J].新疆有色金属,2017,40(2):83-85.
|
| 54 |
刘金贵,张淑英,李政军 .某提金剂炭浆提金试验研究及应用[J].黄金科学技术,2016,24(4):164-168.
|
| 55 |
中南矿冶学院冶金研究室 .氯化冶金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1978.
Metallurgical Research Institute of Central South University .Chlorination[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1978.
|
| 56 |
|
| 57 |
朱国才,田君,池汝安,等 .氯化铵法处理氟碳铈矿原矿提取稀土[J].中国有色金属学报,2000,10(5):701-704.
|
| 58 |
车欣,王志,公旭中,等 .FeCl2强化浸锌渣焙烧反应性的热重解析[J].矿冶工程,2010,30(5):74-78.
|
| 59 |
车欣 .浸锌渣氯化焙烧工艺实验研究[D].唐山:河北理工大学,2010.
|
| 60 |
|
| 61 |
|
| 62 |
|
| 63 |
|
| 64 |
丁剑 .含金硫酸烧渣高温氯化提金的研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2018.
|
| 65 |
|
| 66 |
丁剑,叶树峰 .焙烧氰化渣氯化挥发提金的研究[J].黄金科学技术,2014,22(4):113-117.
|
| 67 |
付国燕,丁剑,魏连启,等 .氯化冶金炉耐火材料腐蚀、黏附行为研究[J].黄金科学技术,2015,23(5):99-104.
|
| 68 |
粱高喜,任飞飞,王伯义,等 .富氧底吹造锍捕金工艺处理复杂精矿的生产实践[J].黄金,2017,38(11):61-63.
|
| 69 |
曲胜利,董准勤,陈涛 .富氧底吹造锍捕金工艺研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2013(6):40-42.
|
| 70 |
黄礼煌 .金银提取技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2012.
|
| 71 |
党晓娥,孟裕松,王璐,等 .黄金冶炼两大新技术应用现状与发展趋势探讨[J].黄金科学技术,2017,25(4):113-121.
|
| 72 |
肖发新,毛建伟,曹岛,等 .铜电解液自净化研究进展[J].中国有色冶金,2011,40(6):73-79.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |