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黄金科学技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 950-956.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.06.950

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    

陇南紫金难处理金精矿工艺矿物学研究

谢雄辉1,2()   

  1. 1. 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建 上杭 364200
    2. 福州大学紫金矿业学院,福建 福州 350116
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-29 修回日期:2019-07-04 出版日期:2019-12-31 发布日期:2019-12-24
  • 作者简介:谢雄辉(1974-),男,福建长汀人,工程师,从事资源综合利用与开发工作。zspcsu@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于微裂纹的铜矿石生物堆浸强化机制”(51874101)

Study on Technological Mineralogy of Gold Concentrate in Longnan Zijin

Xionghui XIE1,2()   

  1. 1. Zijin Mining Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Shanghang 364200,Fujian,China
    2. College of Zijin Mining, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian,China
  • Received:2019-01-29 Revised:2019-07-04 Online:2019-12-31 Published:2019-12-24

摘要:

采用多元素分析、X射线衍射、矿物解离度分析和电镜扫描等方法,开展陇南紫金金精矿的工艺矿物学研究,深入分析矿物组分、各物相赋存状态以及金的伴生规律。研究结果表明:该金精矿S和As质量分数分别为42.12%和2.31%,硫化物包裹金占比为56.19%,属于硫化物包裹难处理金矿;金矿物粒度为1~10 μm,以银金矿为主,并含有少量的自然金;金矿物的单体解离度为30%,未解离的金矿物均与黄铁矿连生,呈半包裹半裸露状或完全被包裹状。基于金矿物的单体解离度随着矿物粒度减小而增大的特性,可通过超细磨的方法,增加金与浸金试剂的接触,为提高金的回收率创造良好条件。

关键词: 高硫高砷, 难处理金矿, 金精矿, 矿物解离度, 工艺矿物学

Abstract:

Refractory gold ore is a kind of gold ore which can not be effectively extracted by conventional cyanidation process after fine grinding.High-sulfur ore is the most common refractory gold deposit in China.Refractory gold concentrate is an enrichment of gold grades greater than 10×10-6 obtained by fine grinding re-election or flotation of refractory gold ore.In view of the complex mineral composition of refractory gold concentrate with high sulphur content and the characteristics that gold is often encapsulated in other minerals,the process mineralogy of a gold concentrate in Longnan Zijin was studied by means of multielement analysis,X-ray diffraction,mineral dissociation analysis and scanning electron microscopy.The mineral composition,the occurrence state of various phases and the associated law of gold were thoroughly analyzed,to provide theoretical basis for the selection of gold extraction process for gold concentrates.The results show that the S and As contents of the gold concentrate are 42.12% and 2.31% respectively,and the proportion of gold encapsulated by sulfide is 56.19%.The gold concentrate belongs to the refractory gold deposit encapsulated by sulfide.The main gangue in the gold concentrate are quartz and sericite.The main metal minerals in the gold concentrate are natural gold,silver-gold ore,pyrite and arsenopyrite,of which pyrite accounts for 79.6% and is the main carrier of gold minerals.The content of pyrite and arsenopyrite increased from 63.83% and 1.77% to 82.95% and 4.85% respectively,while the content of quartz and sericite decreased from 23.57% and 8.37% to 5.91% and 4.97%,respectively,when the particle size of the gold concentrate decreased from +0.075 mm to -0.045 mm.The size of gold minerals ranges from 1 to 10 microns,the Au content in gold minerals is 74% to 89%,the Ag content is 9% to 23%,and the Fe content is 1% to 9%.The main gold minerals are silver and gold deposits,accounting for 86.67%.In addition,there are a small amount of natural gold,accounting for 13.33%.The liberation degree of gold minerals is 30%.The encapsulated gold minerals are associated with pyrite,which is semi-encapsulated or completely encapsulated,and the encapsulated gold often occurs in the pores of pyrite grains.The degree of monomer dissociation of gold minerals increases with the decrease of sample size.That is,the regrinding of concentrate is beneficial to the exposure of gold particles,making gold particles fully contact the leaching solution,thus improving the leaching rate of gold.

Key words: high sulfur and arsenic, refractory gold deposit, gold concentrate, liberation degree, process mineralogy

中图分类号: 

  • TD926

表1

陇南紫金金精矿多元素分析结果"

元素w(B)/%元素w(B)/%元素w(B)/%
Au*18.64MgO0.62Cu0.051
As2.31Ag*18.00Pb0.20
TS42.12SiO211.42Cr0.008
CaO0.47Al2O33.20有机碳0.14
Fe36.04Zn0.18
TC0.40Cd*0.20

图1

陇南紫金金精矿XRD分析结果"

表2

金精矿中硫物相分析结果"

硫物相含量/%占比/%
S6+0.140.34
S2-39.0893.96
其他硫2.375.70
总硫41.59100.00

表3

金精矿矿物组成与含量"

矿物名称矿物在原矿和不同粒级金精矿中的质量分数
原金精矿样+0.075 mm-0.075~+0.045 mm-0.045 mm
合计100.00100.00100.00100.00
黄铁矿79.6063.8380.3482.95
毒砂3.801.772.484.85
黄铜矿0.120.030.040.18
黝铜矿0.020.010.010.03
闪锌矿0.350.280.270.40
方铅矿0.120.090.110.14
赤铁矿、褐铁矿0.080.140.100.05
自然金、银金矿微量微量微量微量
石英9.6923.5710.935.91
绢云母5.248.374.184.97
长石0.080.100.200.02
碳酸盐0.871.671.290.50
磷灰石0.030.130.06-

表4

金精矿中黄铁矿和毒砂的粒度分布"

粒级/mm占比/%
黄铁矿毒砂
合计100.00100.00
+0.075~-0.1471.45-
+0.044~-0.07519.997.63
+0.02~-0.04432.0734.12
+0.01~-0.0224.1930.82
-0.0122.2927.43

表5

金精矿中黄铁矿、毒砂解离情况"

矿物名称占比/%
解离单体与毒砂连生与脉石连生与黄铁矿连生
黄铁矿850.614.4-
毒砂75-1510

图2

金精矿中黄铁矿与脉石、毒砂连生情况(a)自形黄铁矿与脉石连生;(b)他形黄铁矿与脉石连生;(c)碎屑状黄铁矿与毒砂;(d)黄铁矿与自形毒砂连生"

表6

金矿物粒度及能谱成分"

金颗粒序号粒度/μm成分及其质量分数/%
AuAgFe
12.5×0.681.3914.074.54
22.2×1.279.9513.396.66
38.5×1.274.3022.852.85
48.1×2.181.6315.053.32
52.583.5012.763.74
62.0×3.078.7715.605.63
72.0×1.375.9722.961.07
84.576.9621.211.83
96.0×3.080.4417.062.50
102.378.7217.943.34
114.0×3.082.5015.392.11
123.0×1.680.3811.937.69
136.0×2.576.1315.668.21
144.385.8111.262.93
153.7×2.088.069.212.74

图3

金矿物电镜扫描图"

表7

金化学物相分析结果"

项目质量分数/(×10-6占比/%
总金18.26100.00
裸露金7.1639.21
氧化物和碳酸盐包裹金0.723.94
硫化物包裹金10.2656.19
硅酸盐和其他包裹金0.120.66

图4

不同粒度的金精矿电镜扫描图(a)-0.045 mm占80%的金精矿;(b)-0.045 mm占93.4%的金精矿"

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