N型组合节理类岩体单轴压缩破坏试验

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.04.548

黄金科学技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 548-556.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.04.548

N型组合节理类岩体单轴压缩破坏试验

孙冰¹(),罗瑜¹,谢杰辉¹,曾晟²()

1. 南华大学土木工程学院，湖南衡阳 421001
2. 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院，湖南衡阳 421001

收稿日期:2018-07-26 修回日期:2019-03-12 出版日期:2019-08-31 发布日期:2019-08-19
通讯作者: 曾晟 E-mail:sunbingnh@126.com;usczengs@126.com
作者简介:孙冰（1979-），女，河南平顶山人，教授，从事岩石力学方面的研究工作。sunbingnh@126.com
基金资助:
湖南省自然科学基金面上项目“冲击荷载作用下裂隙岩体裂纹扩展的分形特征”(2018JJ2331);湖南省研究生科研创新项目“单轴压缩下等差夹角三节理贯通岩体破坏实验研究”(CX2017B532);南华大学研究生科学基金项目“基于声发射的节理岩体损伤特征研究”(2018KYY100)

Failure Test of N-type Combination Jointed Rock Mass Under Uniaxial Compression

Bing SUN¹(),Yu LUO¹,Jiehui XIE¹,Sheng ZENG²()

1. School of Civil Engineering，University of South China，Hengyang 421001，Hunan，China
2. School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering，University of South China，Hengyang 421001，Hunan，China

Received:2018-07-26 Revised:2019-03-12 Online:2019-08-31 Published:2019-08-19
Contact: Sheng ZENG E-mail:sunbingnh@126.com;usczengs@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对实际工程中平行与交叉裂隙组合呈N字形裂隙岩体的稳定性问题，以N型组合节理为研究对象，开展了N型节理类岩体试件超声波检测试验和单轴静载试验，结合断裂力学理论，分析其强度特征、破坏特征和超声波波速衰减规律。结果表明：（1）N型组合节理类岩体的裂纹类型依次有翼型裂纹和次生倾斜裂纹，其扩展路径最终均趋向于主应力方向，不同于单节理下的裂纹发展规律；（2）当主节理倾角一定时，主次节理夹角和节理条数对试件的物理性能有一定的影响。各组合节理试件的波速衰减率范围在0.9%～9.6%之间，且15°和90°夹角节理试件的波速衰减最快，而60°夹角节理试件的衰减最慢；（3）组合节理类岩体的本构关系、峰值强度和破坏特征均表现出非线性特征。峰值强度分布规律基本服从M型分布，不同于单节理下的U型分布，其中15°、30°、45°、75°和90°夹角试件，以及完整试件呈准脆性破坏，其他夹角试件呈脆性破坏。

关键词: 岩石力学, 类岩石材料, 组合节理, 单轴压缩, 应力强度因子, 超声波测试, 破坏特征

Abstract:

The rock mass contains a large number of complex fracture forms，which have a great impact on the strength and stability of the rock mass，making the rock mass show obvious anisotropy，and thus affecting the safety and stability of civil engineering structures.The common crack forms in rock mass are parallel，cross and intermittent and complex form of these three crack combination forms，and so on.While previous researchers’ study of fractured rock mass were more focused on the common fracture forms such as parallel，intersection and discontinuity.But in practical engineering，the rock mass cracks are mostly complex cracks formed by different combination of fracture forms，such as parallel and intersection joints forming N-shaped joints，and the stress and failure characteristics of N-type joints are more complex than that of single fracture form，and have a greater influence on strength and deformation of rock mass.Aiming at the stability problem of surrounding rock in underground engineering such as tunnels and roadways， the stability of rock mass with N-shaped fractures combined with parallel and cross fractures were studied，taking the N-type joints formed by the combination of 45 degree inclined main joints and two parallel joints as the research object，and the multi-repeated failure modes of tension-shear and compression-shear of rock mass under the combination of parallel and cross-fissures were studied.The influence of different primary and secondary joint angles on rock mass strength and failure mode was analyzed，which provided theoretical support for the design，construction and safety evaluation of underground geotechnical engineering.Uniaxial static load test and ultrasonic test were carried out on the cube specimen of cement mortar with side length of 150 mm，strength of 10 MPa and prefabricated with N-type joint，to obtain their stress strain，failure forms and ultrasonic data.Combined with fracture mechanics theory，it is concluded that the strength and deformation characteristics，the ultrasonic wave velocity attenuation law and failure mode （Ⅰ，Ⅱ crack type crack and extend the features） of N type joint rock mass.The results show that firstly the crack types of N-type composite jointed rock mass have wing crack and secondary inclined crack in sequence，and their propagation paths tend to be in the direction of main stress eventually，which is different from the crack development law with single jointed rock mass.There is a nonlinear relationship between stress intensity factor at the tip of the main joint and the load P and fracture angle θ ₀.When θ ₀ is small and P is close to the peak strength，the specimens mainly propagate in mode Ⅱ crack shape，while mode Ⅰ crack morphology is more obvious when θ ₀ is larger.Secondary the average ultrasonic wave value of the specimens with joint angles ranges from 2.463~2.699 km/s，which is quite different from the ultrasonic wave velocity of the complete specimens （2.725 km/s），indicating that the existence of joints accelerates the internal damage of the specimens.When the inclination angle of the main joint is constant，the angle between the main and secondary joints and the number of joints has some influence on the physical properties of the specimen.The attenuation rate of each group of joint specimens is from 0.9% to 9.6%, the velocity attenuation of joint specimens with angle of 15 and 90 is the fastest，while that of joint specimens with angle of 60 is the slowest.Thirdly the constitutive relationship，peak strength and failure characteristics of composite jointed rock-like mass all show nonlinear characteristics.The distribution law of peak strength basically obeys M-type distribution，which is different from U-type distribution with single joint.Among them，the quasi-brittle failure occurs at the angles of 15，30，45，75，90 degrees and the complete specimen，while the brittle failure occurs at other angles，this may be caused by discrete of the specimens.

Key words: rock mechanics, similar rock materials, combined joint, uniaxial compression, stress intensity factor, ultrasonic test, failure characteristics

中图分类号:

TU45

孙冰,罗瑜,谢杰辉,曾晟. N型组合节理类岩体单轴压缩破坏试验[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2019, 27(4): 548-556.

Bing SUN,Yu LUO,Jiehui XIE,Sheng ZENG. Failure Test of N-type Combination Jointed Rock Mass Under Uniaxial Compression[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2019, 27(4): 548-556.

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节理夹角/（°）	超声波波速最大值/（km·s^-1）	超声波波速最小值/（km·s^-1）	超声波波速平均值/（km·s^-1）	标准差	衰减率/%
完整试件	2.863	2.027	2.725	209
0	2.778	1.832	2.563	300	5.9
15	2.660	1.802	2.482	243	8.9
30	2.717	1.965	2.514	253	7.7
45	2.757	2.001	2.605	194	4.4
60	2.799	2.119	2.699	183	0.9
75	2.679	2.083	2.518	180	7.5
90	2.660	1.658	2.463	295	9.6

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N型组合节理类岩体单轴压缩破坏试验

Failure Test of N-type Combination Jointed Rock Mass Under Uniaxial Compression

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