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黄金科学技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 440-448.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.03.440

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    

全尾砂最佳絮凝沉降浓度及调控方式研究

江科1,2,3(),康瑞海1,2,3,姚中亮1,2,3,彭亮1,2,3   

  1. 1. 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司,湖南 长沙 410012
    2. 国家金属采矿工程技术研究中心,湖南 长沙 410012
    3. 金属矿山安全技术国家重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410012
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-24 修回日期:2018-12-04 出版日期:2019-06-30 发布日期:2019-07-09
  • 作者简介:江科(1992-),男,湖北天门人,助理工程师,从事充填工艺及新型胶凝材料研发工作。Jiangk92@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家‘十三五’重点研发计划课题“深部金属矿高效协同膏体充填技术”(2017YFC0602903)

Study on the Optimal Concentration and Controlling Mode of Whole Tailings Flocculation Sedimentation

Ke JIANG1,2,3(),Ruihai KANG1,2,3,Zhongliang YAO1,2,3,Liang PENG1,2,3   

  1. 1. Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co. ,Ltd. ,Changsha 410012,Hunan,China
    2. National Engineering Resarch Center for Metal,Changsha 410012,Hunan,China
    3. State Key Laboratory of Safety Technology of Metal Mine,Changsha 410012,Hunan,China
  • Received:2018-07-24 Revised:2018-12-04 Online:2019-06-30 Published:2019-07-09

摘要:

针对新疆某铜矿充填溢流跑浑现象严重、充填尾砂利用率低等问题,对影响尾砂沉降速度的主要因素进行了研究,包括尾砂粒级组成、表面形状和进砂浓度等。通过试验探究了进砂质量浓度分别为10%、15%和20%条件下尾砂沉降高度(H)与时间(T)之间的拟合关系式,其相关系数(R 2)均大于0.975,推导出最有利于该铜矿尾砂沉降的进砂浓度值为16%~17%。通过对比进砂浓度为16.5%条件下沉降试验实测值与预测值,证明该方法能够较好地预测尾砂的最佳沉降进砂浓度值。试验研究及分析为现场生产提供了实际指导,通过增加进砂浓度调节设施,并将各设施的相关参数在充填站控制系统中进行数据联锁,使进砂浓度始终保持在16%~17%之间,絮凝剂的添加量与进砂量匹配并维持在最佳添加量范围内,实现了砂仓顶溢流水澄清,提高了充填尾砂的利用率。

关键词: 全尾砂, 絮凝沉降, 进砂浓度, 拟合曲线, 参数联锁

Abstract:

In case of a copper mine in Xinjiang,the overflow run muddy is serious,the tailings’ utilization ratio for fillings was low,this affects the efficiency of work cycle in mine,meanwhile,the processing costs of overflow remain high.Solving the settlement problem of tailings will lay a good foundation for the construction of environmental friendly and efficient mine.In order to solve the problem,this paper study the grain degree and surface shape of whole tailings,as well as slurry initial concentration.With the aid of laser diffraction particle size analyzer and electron microscope scanning,it is showed that the content of ultrafine tailings at -20 μm is 44.61%,and shape of the tailings are irregular,and the surface are rough.The gravity of fine tailings is difficult to overcome the sedimentation resistance,which is the main reason for the muddy overflow of vertical sand tank.The relationship formula of fitting between the tailings sedimentation height and time under the slurry initial concentration of 10%,15% and 20% were explored through experimentation.It was observed that the settlement curve of different concentrations showed a similar trend. The binding degree of tailings and polymeric flocculant chain is similar to that of receptor binding enzyme,so the Hill function is used to fit the sedimentation curve,the coefficient R 2 were all greater than 0.975.The fitting relationship indicates,under the same time T,the settlement height is proportional to the factor V max,inversely proportional to K and n.By useing the numerical analysis method,the relationship between slurry initial concentration and V maxKn were studied,to find the peak value of C-V maxC-k and C-n fitting curves.It was finally derived that the optimal slurry initial concentration value is 16% to 17%.Then compared the sedimentation test value with the predictive value by fitting equation under the condition that slurry initial concentration is 16.5%,the results prove that this method could well predict the optimal slurry initial concentration range for the flocculation sedimentation of the whole tailings.The above experimental research and analysis provide guidance for the field production.By increasing adjustment facility and interlock the parameters date in the filling station control system,to maintain the value of slurry concentration in the range of 16% to 17%,it matching the optimum additive amount of flocculant for the whole tailings in vertical sand tank.After this series of measures,the overflow of vertical sand tank will be clarified,the tailings’ utilization ratio for the fillings could be increased.

Key words: whole tailings, flocculation sedimentation, slurry initial concentration, fitting curve, parameters interlock

中图分类号: 

  • TD853

图1

Mastersizer 3000型激光衍射粒度分析仪"

图2

全尾砂粒度分布柱状图"

图3

全尾砂颗粒形状观测"

图4

不同浓度尾砂浆沉降速度曲线"

图5

不同浓度全尾砂浆沉降高度与时间的拟合曲线"

表1

沉降高度与沉降时间关系拟合方程参数"

尾砂浆初始浓度% 系数V max 系数K 系数n R 2
10 27.58834±1.22666 10.64093±1.26562 1.13291±0.15072 0.97975
15 28.03261±1.31541 9.54856±1.21915 1.09351±0.15770 0.97647
20 27.82282±1.31139 9.65174±1.23200 1.10946±0.16168 0.97576

图6

尾砂浆质量浓度C与系数V max、K、n关系的拟合曲线"

表2

初始浓度为16.5%尾砂浆沉降高度数值分析预测值与试验结果对比"

时间T/s 预测值/cm 测试值/cm 时间T/s 预测值/cm 测试值/cm
0 3.0 3.0 20 19.5 20.2
2.5 5.3 6.4 30 21.9 23.5
5 9.3 9.5 60 24.8 25.3
7.5 12.3 11.8 90 25.8 25.8
10 14.4 13.9 120 26.4 26.3
15 17.5 16.5 180 27.0 26.7

图7

未充分溶解的絮凝剂溶液"

图8

进砂浓度优化工艺流程图"

图9

进砂浓度调节与药剂混合装置"

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