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黄金科学技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 199-206.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.02.199

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    

三山岛金矿西山矿区主要透水中段裂隙分布规律与三维建模

刘港1,2,3(),马凤山1,2(),赵海军1,2,郭捷1,2,侯成录4,李威4   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，中国科学院页岩气与地质工程重点实验室，北京 100029
    2. 中国科学院地球科学研究院，北京 100029
    3. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049
    4. 山东黄金矿业（莱州）有限公司三山岛金矿，山东 莱州 261442
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-31 修回日期:2018-11-16 出版日期:2019-04-30 发布日期:2019-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 马凤山 E-mail:liugang_iggcas@163.com;fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:刘港（1990-），男，河南周口人，博士研究生，从事工程地质与岩石力学研究工作。liugang_iggcas@163.com|马凤山（1964-），男，河北吴桥人，研究员，博士生导师，从事地质工程与地质灾害研究工作。fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“海底采矿对地质环境的胁迫影响与致灾机理”（编号：41831293）和国家重点研发计划项目“黄渤海不同类型海岸带海水入侵发展演化规律研究”(编号：2016YFC0402802)

Fracture Distribution Law and 3D Modeling of Main Permeable Roadways in Xishan Mining Area of Sanshandao Gold Mine

Gang LIU1,2,3(),Fengshan MA1,2(),Haijun ZHAO1,2,Jie GUO1,2,Chenglu HOU4,Wei LI4   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering，Institute of Geology and Geophysics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029，China
    2. Institutions of Earth Science，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029，China
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China
    4. Sanshandao Gold Mine，Shandong Gold Mining(Laizhou) Co. ，Ltd. ，Laizhou 261442，Shandong，China
  • Received:2018-07-31 Revised:2018-11-16 Online:2019-04-30 Published:2019-04-30
  • Contact: Fengshan MA E-mail:liugang_iggcas@163.com;fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

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摘要：

裂隙作为岩体变形的关键部位及可能的透水通道，严重威胁着矿山尤其是滨海矿山开采的安全。位于山东省莱州市的三山岛金矿西山矿区，地处渤海南岸海滨平原，矿区断裂发育，上覆海水持续威胁着矿山的安全生产。因此，查明裂隙的空间分布情况是研究矿区岩体稳定性及巷道突涌水的一项极为重要的基础工作。结合三山岛金矿西山矿区多年井下水文与裂隙监测数据，对主要透水巷道的裂隙倾向、倾角和间距等几何参数进行统计分析，绘制了裂隙走向玫瑰花图、倾向倾角极点等密度图以及各参数频率分布直方图，对裂隙参数进行了分布规律拟合，并通过MATLAB编程完成了各巷道围岩离散裂隙网络的三维几何建模，能够直观、动态地展示出裂隙的分布情况。结果表明：三山岛金矿西山矿区主要透水中段有-375， -510，-600 m中段，各中段按倾向皆可分成2～3个裂隙组，以NW向和SE向居多，倾角均较大。每组裂隙的倾向、倾角和间距等几何参数可近似认为服从对数正态分布、正态分布或负指数分布，为离散裂隙的定量化提供了可能。根据参数分布规律生成的三维裂隙网络模型能够较好地反映裂隙的几何特征。通过与矿区3条断裂带的对比，得出3组裂隙中属于张扭性断层F3断裂带的裂隙组的渗透能力较其他2组（F1、F2断裂带）强，可为考虑离散裂隙的巷道围岩稳定性分析、采矿过程中裂隙渗透性变化及突涌水通道的判别提供重要参考。

关键词: 滨海矿山, 裂隙统计, 主要透水中段, 裂隙分布规律, 三维建模

Abstract:

As a key part of rock mass deformation and possible permeable channel，fractures seriously threaten the stability of rock mass and the safety of engineering such as in hydro-engineering project，road and bridge engineering and mining.Xishan mining area of the Sanshandao gold mine in Laizhou City，Shandong Province，China，is a coastal mine with complex geological structure and hydrogeological conditions.The fractures range from as small as micro-crack and as large as fault.And the overlying seawater continues to threaten the safety in mining.Therefore，the identification of the spatial distribution of cracks is an extremely important and indispensable basic work for studying the stability of rock masses in the mining area and the inrush water in the roadway.Combining with monitoring data of hydrological and fractures in Xishan mining area of Sanshandao gold mine for many years，the statistical method was used to describe the rules of geometric parameters such as inclination，dip and spacing of cracks in the main permeable roadways.The rose diagrams of crack strike，pole contour maps of fracture inclination and dip and frequency distribution histograms of each parameter were drawn.The distribution laws of fracture geometrical parameters were fitted.As such，three geometric models of the discrete fracture network of surrounding rock in the main permeable roadways were generated by using self-compiled programs in MATLAB according to the fitting results.The distribution of cracks can be displayed visually and dynamically.Statistics and three-dimensional modeling results show that：①The main permeable levels include -375 m，-510 m，and -600 m in the Xishan mining area.Each level can be divided into two or three fracture groups according to fracture inclination.The tendencies of two major groups are northwest and southeast，respectively.The inclination of another group mainly developed in the -600 m level is between 0° and 10°.The dips of all the groups are large，mostly between 70° and 90°.②According to the frequency distribution histogram of each parameter，the fractures could be fitted by the common probability distributions.The inclination of each fracture group obeys the logarithmic normal distribution or normal distribution.The dip of each fracture group obeys the normal distribution (values range from 0° and 90°).The spacing of each fracture group obeys the logarithmic normal distribution.The trace length of each fracture group obeys the negative exponential distribution.The statistical results provide the possibility for the quantitative studies of discrete fractures.③The three-dimensional fracture network models based on the distribution law of fracture geometric parameters can reflect the characteristics of fractures realistically.The three fracture groups have close ties to the three fault zones named F1，F2 and F3，respectively.According to the characteristic of the three faults，it can be inferred that hydraulic conductivity of the fractures belonging to the tensile and torsional fault F3 are bigger than the other two.And the discrete fracture network models can provide essential references for the stability analysis of surrounding rock and the identification of inrush water passages.

Key words: coastal mine, fracture statistics, main permeable roadways, fracture distribution law, 3D modeling

中图分类号: 

  • TD807

图1

西山矿区构造图"

图2

主要透水中段裂隙极点等密度图与走向玫瑰花图"

图3

主要透水中段裂隙倾向频率分布直方图与拟合曲线"

图4

主要透水中段裂隙倾角频率分布直方图与拟合曲线"

图5

主要透水中段裂隙间距频率分布直方图与拟合曲线"

图6

窗口法测量裂隙迹长"

图7

主要透水中段裂隙三维几何模型及矿区断层示意图"

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