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黄金科学技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 637-645.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.05.111

• 绿色胶凝材料专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

铜镍冶炼渣的资源化利用研究进展

张婷婷1(),智士伟1,郭利杰2,武震林1,韩俊南1()   

  1. 1.大连理工大学,辽宁 大连 116024
    2.矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京 100160
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-13 修回日期:2020-09-07 出版日期:2020-10-31 发布日期:2020-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 韩俊南 E-mail:tingtingzhang@dlut.edu.cn;junnanhan@dlut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张婷婷(1983-),女,山东平度人,副教授,从事低碳胶凝材料研究工作。tingtingzhang@dlut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“基于有色冶炼渣的绿色充填胶凝材料制备及其性能合作研究”(2017YFE0107000)

Research Progress of Resource Utilization of Copper-Nickel Smelting Slag

Tingting ZHANG1(),Shiwei ZHI1,Lijie GUO2,Zhenlin WU1,Junnan HAN1()   

  1. 1.Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China
    2.BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 110160,China
  • Received:2020-06-13 Revised:2020-09-07 Online:2020-10-31 Published:2020-11-05
  • Contact: Junnan HAN E-mail:tingtingzhang@dlut.edu.cn;junnanhan@dlut.edu.cn

摘要:

对铜镍渣进行二次综合利用,实现高附加值产品的研制和利用是亟需解决的难题。本文介绍了铜镍渣的化学和其矿物成分,系统概述了利用铜镍渣进行有价金属回收,铜镍渣用于制备CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃,以及以铜镍渣为主要原料制备矿井充填胶凝材料、高强度的复合胶凝材料和作为集料制备混凝土的相关研究进展。相比物理浮选法和化学高温还原回收提取有价金属,采用化学法溶液浸出处理铜镍渣能够综合回收有价元素,实现梯级利用。铜镍渣经除铁后其中的少量铁化合物可替代微晶玻璃中的成核剂,利用铜镍渣除铁后的二次渣制备微晶玻璃可大大提高工业铜镍废渣的利用率。结合混凝土相关新技术指出,解决铜镍渣应用过程中比重大、活性低的问题,是实现将铜镍渣应用于建筑工程的关键。

关键词: 铜镍渣, 资源化利用, 化学组成, 矿物组成, 有价金属, 胶凝材料

Abstract:

Copper and nickel slag is an industrial by-product produced by smelting copper-nickel metal in smelters,and it is an urgent problem to comprehensively utilize copper nickel slag and realize the development and utilization of high value-added products.The microcrystalline glass with good mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance can be prepared by using copper-nickel slag as the main materials and adding a small amount of composition regulator,clarifier and co-solvent in the process of production.Copper and nickel slag contains a lot of valuable metals,so it can be recovered by means of solution leaching,flotation extraction and high temperature reduction.In addition,the method of physical and chemical excitation of copper and nickel slag can be used to prepare mine filling green cementitious materials and high strength composite cementitious materials under the condition of mineral admixtures.Moreover,copper and nickel slag can also be used for concrete fine aggregate.The resource utilization of copper and nickel slag can save resources and protect environment.Compared with flotation and high temperature reduction method recovery to extract valuable metals from nickel smelting slag,the chemical solution leaching treatment method can comprehensively recover valuable elements and realize the cascade utilization.And the small amount of iron compounds after removing iron from copper nickel slag can be used as nucleating agent in the preparation of microcrystalline glass,which would be greatly improved the utilization rate of industrial copper nickel waste slag.In additon,combined with the new concrete technology is the key to solving the disadvantages of high density and low activity of copper nickel slag in the application of civil engineering.Therefore,further research is needed to fully utilize copper and nickel slag on a large scale.

Key words: copper and nickel slag, resource utilization, chemical composition, mineral composition, valuable metals, cementitious materials

中图分类号: 

  • TU526

表1

铜镍渣的化学组成"

化学成分/%数据来源
SiO2Fe2O3Al2O3CaOMgOSO3Na2OK2ONiOCuOCr2O3
32.3753.871.181.666.531.000.56-0.540.490.43文献[8]
26.7560.632.632.733.611.000.250.600.430.51-文献[9]
34.6050.203.202.205.300.600.600.40---文献[10]

图1

铜镍渣的XRD图谱"

图2

铜镍渣的Rietveld全谱拟合结果"

表2

铜镍渣的Rietveld全谱拟合定量分析"

物相拟合混合样原样
玻璃相024.8227.58
铁镁橄榄石86.7065.1872.42
氧化锌13.3010.000.00

图3

微晶玻璃的SEM图片[11]"

图4

镍渣尾砂凝胶剂水化28 d的SEM图片[31]"

图5

铜镍渣复合胶凝材料的水化产物电镜图片[8]"

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