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黄金科学技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 32-41.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.01.052

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于变权联系云的采空区稳定性二维评价模型

邓红卫(),张维友,虞松涛,高宇旭   

  1. 中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南 长沙 410083
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-20 修回日期:2019-10-18 出版日期:2020-02-29 发布日期:2020-02-26
  • 作者简介:邓红卫(1969-),男,湖南岳阳人,教授,从事金属矿山开采、矿山安全、水资源利用与灾害防治工作。denghw208@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“寒区岩质散体冻胀裂解孕育排土场灾变机理及干预机制研究”(51874352)

Two Dimensional Evaluation Model of Goaf Stability Based on Variable Weight Contact Cloud

Hongwei DENG(),Weiyou ZHANG,Songtao YU,Yuxu GAO   

  1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan, China
  • Received:2019-05-20 Revised:2019-10-18 Online:2020-02-29 Published:2020-02-26

摘要:

针对采空区稳定性评价具有模糊性、随机性以及评价指标等级呈有限区间正态分布等问题,考虑评价指标值突变对评价指标权重的影响,提出了基于变权联系云的采空区稳定性二维评价模型。首先选取12个评价指标构建采空区评价指标体系,并通过各指标联系云图反映其实际分布情况;然后利用博弈论和变权理论得到变权权重;最后计算采空区各评价指标对应等级的确定度和采空区的综合确定度,并根据最大隶属度原则确定采空区稳定性等级。为解决指标等级归属不一致的问题,引入模糊熵作为第二维评价系统,以表征采空区稳定性的复杂度。结果表明:变权联系云模型评价结果与实例应用结果一致,验证了该模型的可行性与合理性。

关键词: 采空区稳定性, 变权理论, 联系云, 组合权重, 确定度, 模糊熵

Abstract:

The instability of the goaf poses serious threat to mine safety,and its stability is affected by many uncertain factors.Therefore,it is very important to evaluate the stability of the goaf.Many factors affect the result in the evaluation process,for instance,many ambiguity and randomness information exist in the evaluation of the goaf stability,the evaluation index interval normally distributed,dynamic combination of different evaluation index affect the weight values,and the inconsistency of the indicator level.In order to solve these problems,a two-dimensional evaluation model of goaf stability based on variable-weighted cloud was established.On the basis of comprehensive consider the actual situation of the goaf and related research results,the stability evaluation system and grading standards of the goaf were established.The digital characteristics of the contact cloud of each evaluation index belonging to different levels were calculated respectively,and then the contact cloud maps were generated by using the contact cloud generator and Rstudio software.Substituting the measured values of the sample indicators into the contact cloud model to calculate the degree of certainty of the contact cloud.After that,the subjective weight and objective weight were calculated by using the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method respectively.Considering the advantages and disadvantages of the subjective and objective weighting methods,the game theory was used to fuse these two empowerment methods to obtain the optimized comprehensive weight.Considering that comprehensive weights calculated by game theory were constant weight,which could not reflect the influence of the index value on the weight,the variable weight theory was used to change the weight to obtain the variable weight,so as to better display the effect of dynamic change of the index value on evaluation result.The comprehensive determination degree of the goaf was then obtained by calculating the certainty degree of measured index value belongs to each contact level cloud and the final variable weight.After that,the stability level of the gob was determined according to the principle of maximum membership degree.In order to solve the problem of inconsistent index level attribution,fuzzy entropy was introduced as the second dimension evaluation auxiliary parameter to characterize the stability complexity of the goaf.The model was applied to engineering practice and compared with traditional cloud model and matter-element extension model,the evaluation results are basically the same.The results show that the stability evaluation model of the goaf is scientific and reasonable,and it provides a new idea for the stability evaluation of goaf and the stability evaluation of similar projects.

Key words: goaf stability, variable weight theory, contact cloud, combined weight, certainty, fuzzy entropy

中图分类号: 

  • TD853

图1

评价模型流程图"

表1

采空区稳定性评价指标分级标准"

分组评价指标Ⅳ级Ⅲ级Ⅱ级Ⅰ级
定性指标评分值[0,25)[25,50)[50,75)[75,100]

岩体构造C1

(效益型)

块夹泥、泥夹块结构镶嵌、层状碎裂和碎裂结构层状和板状结构整体、块状和菱块状结构

地质构造C2

(效益型)

断层贯穿围岩和矿体褶皱影响大或断层部分切割褶皱对采空区影响小无断层、褶皱构造

水文状况C3

(效益型)

采空区内存在大量涌水情况采空区内存在的地下水水量很大采空区内存在的地下水水量较少采空区内不存在地下水

工程布置C4

(效益型)

运输、采准、切割布置极不合理,不考虑空区稳定性运输、采准、切割布置不合理,很少考虑空区稳定性运输、采准、切割布置较合理,考虑到空区稳定性运输、采准、切割布置合理,充分考虑空区稳定性

爆破扰动影响C5

(效益型)

爆破扰动对采空区影响很大爆破扰动对采空区影响较大爆破扰动对采空区影响一般爆破扰动对采空区没有影响

相邻空区分布C6

(效益型)

影响范围内采空区数量很多,且集中分布影响范围内采空区数量多,但分布较分散影响范围内采空区数量较少影响范围内无采空区

支护情况C7

(效益型)

无支护支护不合理支护较合理支护合理
定量指标岩石抗压强度C8/MPa(效益型)0~5050~100100~200>200
岩石质量指标C9/%(效益型)0~4040~5050~60>60
顶板暴露面积C10/m2(成本型)>2 7001 200~2 700800~1 2000~800

跨度C11/m

(成本型)

>12080~12040~800~40

埋藏深度C12/m

(成本型)

>350300~350250~3000~250

图2

各评价指标隶属于采空区稳定性等级的联系云图"

表2

采空区稳定性评价指标实测值"

采空区编号评价指标实测值
C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12
14045355545407083471 121100300
250655560455575914897365325
310151020251555894793679330
46545507040556087451 10470275
53035454045506077431 04588330
66555806065607586561 03476255
78085907590658583421 05782290
86065557055655085441 15678275
945503050404535765190785300
103530354045405071481 03271345

表3

采空区1各指标关于4个稳定性等级的确定度"

确定度采空区稳定性评价指标
C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12
0.01010.26680.070300.26680.01010.01010.004700.017800
0.97640.78440.97410.23190.78440.97640.97640.93420.89960.77610.03150.5001
0.07030.23190.01010.78440.23190.07030.07030.23930.13930.399810.5001
0000.00030000000.03150

表4

采空区稳定性等级评定"

采空区编号综合确定度本文方法云模型[4]物元可拓法
10.07520.89590.30190.0001Ⅱ(模糊性较高)
20.01880.34910.69840.0996Ⅲ(模糊性较高)
30.53770.18730.19510.0026Ⅰ(模糊性高)
40.04270.51670.58710.0677Ⅲ(模糊性高)
50.14410.69550.38420.0851Ⅲ(模糊性高)
60.01310.12720.60660.3015Ⅲ(模糊性高)
70.00060.12060.22650.6711Ⅳ(模糊性较高)
80.00420.36210.74690.0925Ⅲ(模糊性较高)
90.11050.83190.23010.0144Ⅱ(模糊性较高)
100.08100.87600.23010.0144Ⅱ(模糊性较高)
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