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黄金科学技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 795-802.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2018.06.795

• • 上一篇    下一篇

露天矿境界优化几何约束模型优化及其应用

张炬1,2(),王李管1,2,*(),宋华强1,2,任助理1,2,毕林1,2   

  1. 1. 中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南 长沙 410083
    2. 中南大学数字矿山研究中心,湖南 长沙 410083
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-14 修回日期:2018-01-25 出版日期:2018-12-31 发布日期:2019-01-24
  • 通讯作者: 王李管 E-mail:zhangju@csu.edu.cn;wangliguan@dimine.net
  • 作者简介:张炬(1993-),男,湖南长沙人,硕士研究生,从事采矿和数字矿山研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“深部金属矿集约化连续采矿理论与技术”(编号:2017YFC0602905)和国家自然科学基金项目“基于深度学习和距离场的复杂金属矿体三维建模技术研究”(编号:41572317)联合资助

Optimization and Application of Geometric Constraint Model for Boundary Optimization in Open Mine

Ju ZHANG1,2(),Liguan WANG1,2,*(),Huaqiang SONG1,2,Zhuli REN1,2,Lin BI1,2   

  1. 1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan,China
    2. Digital Mine Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan,China
  • Received:2017-08-14 Revised:2018-01-25 Online:2018-12-31 Published:2019-01-24
  • Contact: Liguan WANG E-mail:zhangju@csu.edu.cn;wangliguan@dimine.net

摘要:

几何约束模型的合理性和复杂程度直接影响到模型构建的效率,进而对境界优化的速度产生影响,保证精度和提高运算速度是几何约束模型优化的重点。在总结常用拟合方式的基础上,提出了边坡轮廓插值方法和快速构建开采锥的算法:基于角度反比插值拟合模型,提出了边坡角随方位角、高程变化情况下,快速构建开采锥的环形搜索块判别方式,提高了开采锥构建的合理性和效率;给出了开采锥去冗余的方法,精简了块的几何约束关系,提高了开采锥构建的速度。将以上算法应用于某露天矿中,在构建价值模型基础上,批量生成了一组嵌套坑,选出了经济效益最优的最终境界。

关键词: 露天矿境界优化, 块段模型, 边坡角, 几何约束, 反比插值法, 开采锥构建, 去冗余

Abstract:

The rationality and complexity of geometric constraint model directly affect the efficiency of model building, and then affect the speed of boundary optimization.To ensure the accuracy and improve the operation speed is the key point of the optimization of geometric constraint model.On the basis of summarizing the common fitting methods, a method of slope contour interpolation and an algorithm for quickly constructing mining cone by simplifying the geometric constraint relation were proposed.Based on the angle inverse interpolation fitting model, the discriminant method was proposed to improve the rationality and efficiency of the mining cone construction of ring search block for constructing the mining cone quickly under the condition of slope angle changing with azimuth and elevation.It is mentioned that the method of redundancy of mining cone removal that simplified the optimization process and improved the operation speed of mining cone construction. On the basis of constructing the value model, a set of nested pits was produced in batches, and the ultimate pit of the mine was selected when applied to an open-pit mine.

Key words: open pit optimization, bock model, slope angle, geometric constraint, inverse interpolation, mining cone construction, remove redundancy

中图分类号: 

  • TD804

图1

几何约束"

图2

构建基础块的开采锥"

图3

矿床块段模型和坐标系"

图4

插值示意图"

图5

开采锥俯视图"

图6

搜索范围示意图"

图7

开采锥A-A剖面示意图"

图8

去冗余后的开采锥约束模型"

表1

去冗余前后开采锥块数统计"

层数l 开采锥块数/块
去降冗余前 第一次去冗余 第二次去冗余
0 34 15 3
1 26 10 3
2 16 7 2
3 11 7 3
4 6 5 1
5 2 2 2
6 1 1 1

图9

Fe元素品位分布"

表2

采矿参数"

参数 数值 参数 数值
采矿回采率 0.95 矿石体重/(t ? m - 3 3
贫化率 0.05 废石体重/(t ? m - 3 2.7
采矿成本/(元 ? t - 1 35 选矿回收率 0.9
废石开采成本/(元 ? t - 1 15 Fe元素价格/(元 ? t - 1 600
选矿成本/(元 ? t - 1 20

表3

结果统计"

嵌套坑 矿岩总量 剥采比 元素金属量/t 元素品位/% 价值/亿元
矿量/t 岩量/t 总计/t
1 7 648 952 16 139 288.72 23 788 240.72 2.11 2 309 983.504 30.20 4.63
2 9 005 698 21 163 390.3 30 169 088.3 2.35 2 683 698.004 29.80 4.95
3 23 669 398 57 753 331.12 81 422 729.12 2.44 6 816 786.624 28.80 11.54
4 38 956 254 122 322 637.6 161 278 891.6 3.14 11 141 488.64 28.60 14.52
5 53 589 467 193 993 870.5 247 583 337.5 3.62 14 897 871.83 27.80 14.03
6 70 163 956 287 672 219.6 357 836 175.6 4.10 19 716 071.64 28.10 14.34
7 88 463 690 346 777 664.8 435 241 354.8 3.92 24 150 587.37 27.30 17.02
8 95 638 614 367 252 277.8 462 890 891.8 3.84 25 631 148.55 26.80 17.22
9 105 474 247 395 528 426.3 501 002 673.3 3.75 27 950 675.46 26.50 18.88
10 115 774 376 426 049 703.7 541 824 079.7 3.68 29 638 240.26 25.60 16.86

图10

算法优化前后运算时间对比"

表4

优化算法与DIMINE软件统计的矿岩量对比"

嵌套坑 矿量A1/t 矿量A2/t 岩量B1/t 岩量B2/t
1 7 648 900 7 648 972 16 139 288.72 16 139 100.5
2 9 005 698 9 005 581 21 163 390.3 21 163 125
3 23 669 398 23 669 526 57 753 331.12 57 753 029.25
4 38 956 254 38 955 819 122 322 637.6 122 322 068
5 53 589 467 53 589 301 193 993 870.5 193 993 029.2
6 70 163 956 70 163 329 287 672 219.6 287 671 605.3
7 88 463 690 88 463 059 346 777 664.8 346 777 011.8
8 95 638 614 95 638 153 367 252 277.8 367 251 420.7
9 105 474 247 105 473 805 395 528 426.3 395 526 512.1
10 115 774 376 115 774 008 426 049 703.7 426 047 066.4

图11

净现值及剥采比变化图"

图12

矿岩量变化图"

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