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黄金科学技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 605-614.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2018.05.605

• • 上一篇    下一篇

金川矿区深部巷道支护效果评价及参数优化研究

李光1,2,3,马凤山1,2,刘港1,2,3,郭捷1,2,郭慧高4,寇永渊4   

  1. 1 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,中国科学院页岩气与地质工程重点实验室,北京 100029
    2 中国科学院地球科学研究院,北京 100029
    3 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    4 金川集团股份有限公司,甘肃 金昌 737100
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-31 修回日期:2018-09-23 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2018-10-31
  • 作者简介:李光(1991-),男,黑龙江双鸭山人,博士研究生,从事矿山工程地质研究工作。liguang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn|马凤山(1964-),男,河北吴桥人,研究员,博士生导师,从事地质工程与地质灾害方面的研究工作。fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“金属矿山地下采动引起的竖井变形破坏机理研究”(41772341);“陡倾矿体充填开采岩移规律与充填体稳定性研究”(41372323)

Study on Supporting Parametric Optimizing Design and Evaluate Supporting Effect of Deep Roadway in Jinchuan Mine

Guang LI1,2,3,Fengshan MA1,2,Gang LIU1,2,3,Jie GUO1,2,Huigao GUO4,Yongyuan KOU4   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China
    2 Institutions of Earth Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China
    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    4 Jinchuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinchang 737100,Gansu,China
  • Received:2018-07-31 Revised:2018-09-23 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-31

摘要:

巷道支护问题一直是矿业工程中的难题,特别是在深部软岩巷道中,能否提供持久、有效的支护直接影响着矿山的安全生产和可持续发展。“双层网锚喷+U型钢拱架”联合支护是目前金川矿区在深部巷道支护中较常用的支护方案,为了解该方案的支护效果,在二矿区814 m分斜坡道上设立试验段,采用现场监测与数值模拟计算相结合的方法,对该试验段巷道的支护效果进行评价,并针对支护的薄弱部分提出改进措施。研究结果表明:(1)在当前支护条件下,巷道顶板和两帮围岩得到了较好的控制,但底鼓问题严重,最大位移可达110 cm;(2)针对当前支护方案的薄弱环节,提出增加锚杆长度、提高锚杆强度和增加底板支护等补强措施;(3)设计了一组参数优化方案,并对其支护效果进行了数值模拟分析,认为该优化支护方案能够有效地控制巷道围岩变形,并弥补原支护方案的缺陷。

关键词: 巷道支护, 金川矿区, FLAC3D数值模拟, 参数优化, 软岩巷道, 深井巷道

Abstract:

The roadway support has always been a difficult problem in the mining engineering,especially in the deep soft rock roadway,whether it can provide endurable and effective support directly affects the safety production and sustainable development of the mine.The composite supporting scheme of double layer bolt-mesh-anchor and U-shaped steel is frequently used in the deep roadway in Jinchuan mining area.In order to evaluate the supporting effect of this scheme,a tentative roadway was setted up on the 814 m ramp in No.2 mine.Through the combination of field monitoring and numerical simulation calculation,the supporting effect was evaluated,and an improvement measure was put forward.The results show that:(1)Under the present supporting conditions,the surrounding rock in the roof and both sides of the roadway are well controlled,but the floor heave is serious with the maximum displacement reaching 110 cm.(2)In view of the defects of the current supporting scheme,reinforcement measures,ranging from increasing the length of bolt,improving the strength of anchor rod to supporting the floor,were put forward.(3)An optimization scheme was designed,and the numerical simulation results show that the optimized supporting method can control the deformation of roadway surrounding rock effectively and solve the problems of the previous scheme.

Key words: roadway support, Jinchuan mine, FLAC3Dnumerical simulation, Parameter optimization, soft rock roadway, deep roadway

中图分类号: 

  • TD353

图1

814 m试验巷道位置示意图"

表1

试验段岩体物理力学参数"

岩体类型 密度/(g·cm-3 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 内摩擦角/(°) 内聚力/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa
巷道围岩 2.9 6 0.23 40 0.6 0.4

表2

试验段地应力实测值"

应力类型 应力量值/MPa 应力方向/(°) 应力倾角/(°)
最大主应力(σ 1) 44.4 232 5
中间主应力(σ 2) 31.8 -62.2 -79
最小主应力(σ 3) 24.2 142 -10

图2

814 m试验巷道支护条件示意图(单位:mm)"

表3

混凝土喷层参数"

喷射厚度/mm 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 内摩擦角/(°) 内聚力/MPa 刚度/(kN·m-3
法向 切向
100 28 0.2 30 1.35 3.4×104 3.0×104

表4

锚杆锚固参数"

弹性模量/GPa 横截面积/mm2 水泥浆外圈周长/mm 内聚力/MPa 拉断力/kN 水泥浆刚度/MPa
210 380 549 2 185 17.5

表5

U型钢拱架参数"

弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 横截面积/mm2 极惯性矩/m4 Y惯性矩/m4 Z惯性矩/m4
200 0.3 4.57×103 21.74×10-6 9.29×10-6 12.45×10-6

图3

巷道收敛监测断面示意图"

图4

巷道收敛变形曲线"

图5

混凝土喷层强度测试曲线"

图6

应变计和钢筋计布置示意图"

图7

应变计和钢筋计埋设完成情况"

图8

各断面监测点应变平均值曲线"

图9

锚杆的无损检测"

图10

钢筋计安装现场"

图11

各断面钢筋计应力平均值曲线"

图12

各断面钢筋计应变平均值曲线"

图13

模型几何尺寸(a)和边界条件示意图(b)"

图14

联合支护体模型"

图15

巷道围岩总位移云图(a)和塑性区分布图(b)"

图16

改进后的支护方案"

图17

优化后巷道围岩总位移云图(a)和塑性区分布图(b)"

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